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For women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pregnancy can present some particular challenges for both mother and child. While most infants born to mothers who have SLE are healthy, mothers with SLE as an intercurrent disease in pregnancy should remain under medical care until delivery. In general, women with SLE and, in addition, hypertension, proteinuria, and azotemia have an extra increased risk for pregnancy complications.〔 Pregnancy outcomes in women with SLE who receive renal transplants are similar to those of transplant recipients without SLE.〔 Women pregnant and known to have anti-Ro (SSA) or anti-La antibodies (SSB) often have echocardiograms during the 16th and 30th weeks of pregnancy to monitor the health of the heart and surrounding vasculature. Contraception and other reliable forms of pregnancy prevention is routinely advised for women with SLE, since getting pregnant during active disease was found to be harmful. Lupus nephritis was the most common manifestation. Of live births, approximately one third are delivered prematurely.〔 ==Miscarriage== SLE causes an increased rate of fetal death ''in utero'' and spontaneous abortion (miscarriage). The overall live-birth rate in SLE patient has been estimated to be 72%. Pregnancy outcome appears to be worse in SLE patients whose disease flares up during pregnancy. Miscarriages in the first trimester appear either to have no known cause or to be associated with signs of active SLE.〔(Lupus and Pregnancy ) by Michelle Petri. The Johns Hopkins Lupus Center. Retrieved May 2011〕 Later losses appear to occur primarily due to the antiphospholipid syndrome, in spite of treatment with heparin and aspirin.〔 All women with lupus, even those without previous history of miscarriage, are recommended to be screened for antiphospholipid antibodies, both the lupus anticoagulant (the RVVT and sensitive PTT are the best screening battery) and anticardiolipin antibodies.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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